Apparatus for teaching musical-scale construction.



Y Patented June4, |9o|.

J. E FOBFAR. APPARATUS FOR TEACHING MUSICAL SCALE CONSTRUCTION.

\ (Application filed Oct; 1, 1900.)

(No Model.)

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UNITED smear PATENT ()FFICE.

JAMES E. 'FoRFAR, OF TORONTO, oANAD'A;

APPARATUS FOR, TEACHING MUSlCAL SCALE CONSTRUCTION.

'sruorrxoanonrorm n part of Letters Patent N...67'5,723, dated June 4,1901.

A Application filed October 1,1900. Serial No. 31,665. (No model.)

To all whom it nuty*cn'cern.-' i

7 Be it known that 1, JAMES EPFORFAR, *phy sician, of thecityofzToronto,in' the county of York, Province of Ontario, Canada, haveinvented certain newand useful; Improvementsfin Apparatus for; TeachingMusical- Scale Construction, of which:the'followingfis I aspecification. x

The object of myiinventionistode'visefap-j paratus whereby the relativepositions of the I tones and half-tones in the diatonic scale may. ,1 betaught through the medium of. the eyeand by which scales may be visiblybuilt up,

'scribedIand then definitely claimed at the;

- paratus for teachingniusical' scale co'nstructaking any note ofthechromatic scale a h key-note; andit consistsinthe peculiarconstruction,arrangement, and combinations of parts, hereinafter morefparticularlydeend hereof; I I 1. Figure 1 isa' perspective view of my apt-ionLf,Fig.2 is an -"elevati'on of my inve'ntion' I arranged to teach the'melodic minor scale; Fig. 3 is an elevation of my invention arranged isplaced counted asstpl.

to teach the. harmonic minor scale.

In thedrawingslikecharacters ofreference indicate corresponding parts'inthe different figures. A

- Theapparatugas shown,consistsof a block formed as aseries of steps A,to the topmost step "being secured a vertical post 0... The a steps areeight in-number,'coun'ting the start- King-pointras one] step As amatter of fact,

' this step could be dispensed withand the surfaceof the table on whichthe apparatus In thedra'wings Ihave preferred to show a base E formingthe first step. Above the base the steps are [preferably of equal rise,with'the exception of the fourth and eighth, which are preferably of'halfthe rise of the others whena.maj'or scale'isrepresented. It willbeseen that these steps represent'to the eye the intervals between thenotes of the ordinary diatonic major scale.

to thefourth a halfJcOn'e, from the fourth to Ithefifthawholetone,fromthefifthtothesixth a whole tone, from the sixthto the seventh V The rise from thefirst step to the second represe'nts'awhole tone, from'the 1 second to the third awhole tone, from'the third awhole tone, and from the seventh to the eighth a half-tone. Upon thesesteps may be placed thewooden blocks 13 to represent the notes of thescale. They may, if desired, be lettered for numbered. As shown, theblock is preferably provided with a series of these'steps at each side,though, of course, it- I, may also be constructedwithsteps at one sideonly.

As far as described, the apparatus c'anonly 'be used to indicate theintervals between the notes of the diatonic scale,- andthe insight,

into scale construction is not complete. The

instruction is completed by means of the post O, which has a series "ofequidistant holes bored into it or throughit. Opposite-these holes on:the post are marked: the: designa tions of the half-tonesof thechromatic scale,

two complete octaves being preferably provided for, so that scales maybeconstructed with any given note as itsfkeymote.

proper intervals, as suggested to the pupil by the steps A. In thedrawings I show the scale of A marked out with the pins D.

ing aminor melodic scale'secured on the base E behind the stepsrepresenting the major scale.

In Figs. 2 and 3 I showthe apparatus asarranged to show the melodic andharmonic minor scales. I

The constructions (litter only in the positions of the half-steps, andthe principle of the invention remains the. same.

l find that with this'apparat'us the construction of the diatonic scalesis 'so forcibly im I pressed through the medium of the eye that the veryyoungest pupils quickly learn ,to build up the scale, starting withanygiven note as the key-note. The apparatus might be arranged as apyramid of steps, if desired,- instead of with the flat sides, as shown;but such a construction I show in Fig. 1a series of steps represent.-

IOG

7 I Combined with-these holes I use'a series of'pins or pegs-D, whichare insertedin the holes at the bling a flighflofi steps and.representin'g tones distant holes formed in its sides and marked:'ae'ewijth thedesi"g, n

flight of stepsand representing tones 'afz'ld mummies; the steps reresenting half-tones: having less rise than those representing wholetones, substa'ntially as and. for the purpose. specified.

2; In apparatus for te'aehing'inusical-scale construction, a series of'eigntsteps 'rese'in and half -tones,i tl1 e rise :or the fourth and;eighth steps being; less than the r-iseof the other steps, substantiallyas and forthe p'fir-Y pose specified. v p 3. In apparatus for teachingmusical-scale: construction, a post h'aiii'ii'g aisens er eqni- 3 I we rA 81 iaMyasEnFdTei f. tones having 'I i-g ht em asd'grsp resentnigthalf-tones, the'step's representing roman n ins pa e specifies;

5. In apparatusfor bling a flight of steps and-representing tones numberof: sweets which maybe placed on the steps, substantially as and for thepurpose teachingmusical-scale, construction, a series of. eight stepsresem- V and h a l f tones, the stepsrepresenting half j tones havingrssrisehan these representing 5 whole tones, in combination with a similarsaid holes, substantially :as and at tile pnre es'ofieig'htsteps resenbsand-representing tones',-,

